MAHATMA GANDHI BIOGRAPHY IN ENGLISH

Mahatma Gandhi biography

His personality cannot be carved in words, but yes, you can understand this ideal character by reading and whoever understood Gandhi, understand that he won every battle.

One look at his life…

Early Life :

Mahatma Gandhi biography

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on 2 October 1869 in western India, in a coastal city of present-day Gujarat, called Porbandar.

His father Karamchand Gandhi was the Diwan of a small princely state (Porbandar) of Kathiawar during the British Raj.

His mother was Putlibai.

In May 1883, Gandhiji was married to Kasturba.

His four sons were Harilal Gandhi, Manilal Gandhi, Ramdas Gandhi and Devdas Gandhi 1900.

  

Education : 

Mahatma Gandhi

On 4 September 1888, Gandhi went to England to study law and become a barrister at University College London.

He returned to India after being called back to the England and Wales Bar Association but did not have much success in advocating in Bombay.

Later, when the application for a part-time job as a high school teacher was rejected, he started writing suit applications for the needy but he did not mind there.

In 1893, he accepted the work of advocacy from an Indian firm on a one-year contract in Natal (South Africa).

South Africa incident changed thoughts

Gandhi reached South Africa at the age of 24. He went there as a judicial advisor to some Indian businessmen based in Pretoria. He spent 21 years of his life in South Africa . They faced severe racial discrimination in South Africa. Once the first class coach in the train had a valid ticket, he was thrown out of the train for refusing to enter the third class compartment. 

All these events became a turning point in his life and led to awareness of the current social and political injustice. In view of the injustice being done to Indians in South Africa, questions related to the honor and self-identity of Indians under the British Empire began to arise in their mind and from here their thinking changed.

The struggle of Indian freedom struggle (1916 - 1945)

Gandhi returned to India from South Africa in 1914. By this time Gandhi had become distinguished as a nationalist leader and convenor. He came to India at the behest of moderate Congress leader Gopal Krishna Gokhale. 

He then united the farmers, laborers and urban laborers here to raise their voice against excessive land tax and discrimination.

Salt Satyagraha

After taking over the reins of the Indian National Congress in 1921, she organized several programs for the relief of poverty, expansion of women's rights, building religious and ethnic unity and self-sufficiency across the country. 

Gandhiji became the voice of the entire nation in protest against the salt tax imposed on Indians by the British government, the Salt Satyagraha in 1930 and the British Quit India Movement in 1942.

non cooperation movement :

Gandhiji believed that the British rule in India was possible only with the cooperation of Indians and if we all together cooperate on everything against the British, freedom is possible. Gandhi's increasing popularity made him the greatest leader of the Congress and he was now in a position to use weapons like non-cooperation, non-violence and peaceful retaliation against the British. 

Gandhiji called for the Swadeshi policy which was to boycott foreign goods, especially English goods. They said that all Indians should wear handmade khadi by our own people, rather than the clothes made by the British. He asked men and ladies to spin yarn daily.

second World War :

At the beginning of World War II, Gandhiji was in favor of giving non-violent moral support to the British, but many Congress leaders were unhappy that the government had thrown the country into war without consulting the representatives of the people. 

Gandhi declared that India was being denied independence on the one hand, and on the other, India was being included in the war to win the democratic powers. As the war progressed Gandhi and the Congress intensified the demand for the 'Quit India' movement. 

Gandhi had made it clear that he would not support the British war effort unless India was granted immediate independence. During this time, he had to eat sticks, his colleagues had to stay in jail but Gandhi did not give up.

India became free : 

The British Government arrested Gandhiji and all the members of the Congress Working Committee on 9 August 1942 in Mumbai and Gandhiji was taken to Aga Khan Mahal in Pune where he was held captive for two years. Meanwhile, his wife Kasturba Gandhi died and after some time Gandhiji also suffered from malaria. 

The British could not release him in jail in this condition, so he was released on 6 May 1944 for necessary treatment. Despite the partial success, the Quit India movement mobilized India and by the end of World War II, the British government had given a clear indication that power would soon be handed over to the Indians. Gandhiji ended the Quit India movement and the government released about 1 lakh political prisoners.

   

India and Pakistan :

Along with the movement for independence of India, the demand for a 'separate Muslim majority country' (Pakistan) under the leadership of Mohammad Ali Jinnah was intensified and in the 40s these forces demanded the demand for a separate nation 'Pakistan' Was turned into reality. 

Gandhiji did not want the partition of the country because it was completely different from his doctrine of religious unity but it did not happen and the British divided the country into two pieces - India and Pakistan.

Assassination of Gandhi :

On 30 January 1948, Father of the Nation Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated at Birla House in Delhi at 5:17 pm. Gandhiji was going to address a prayer meeting when his killer Nathuram Godse fired 3 bullets into his chest. It is believed that 'Hey Ram' was the last word from his mouth.

 

On 4 June 1944, Subhash Chandra Bose, while broadcasting a message from Singapore radio, addressed Mahatma Gandhi as the father of the nation (father of the nation).